Rani Gaidinliu

Photograph: John Comyn Higgins sent to J H Hutton on 18 January, 1932

Gaidinliu Pamei, also known as Rani Gaidinliu, was a prominent Naga spiritual and political leader who played a significant role in leading a revolt against British colonial rule in India. Born on January 26, 1915, in Nungkao village, Manipur, she belonged to the Rongmei Naga tribe, also known as Kabui. Her journey as a leader began at a young age when she joined the Heraka religious movement led by her cousin Haipou Jadonang, which later evolved into a political movement aimed at ending British rule in Manipur and surrounding Naga areas.

Within the Heraka faith, Gaidinliu was regarded as an incarnation of the Goddess Cherachamdinliu. Her involvement in the movement led to her arrest at the age of 16 in 1932, and she was subsequently sentenced to life imprisonment by the British rulers. It was during her imprisonment that she met Jawaharlal Nehru, who promised to work towards her release. Nehru bestowed upon her the title of "Rani" (Queen), and she became known as Rani Gaidinliu, gaining local popularity.

Upon her release in 1947 after India's independence, Gaidinliu continued to dedicate herself to the betterment of her people. She staunchly advocated for the preservation of Naga ancestral religious practices and resisted the conversion of Nagas to Christianity. Her efforts earned her recognition as a freedom fighter, and she was awarded the Padma Bhushan by the Government of India.

Despite her heroics, Gaidinliu's role was complex and often faced resistance from various groups. Her association with the Heraka movement, which was critical of Christianity, led to differing views among the Nagas. While she was not highly acknowledged by Naga nationalist groups or Christian Nagas, her legacy continued to influence discussions around identity, religion, and politics in the region.

Gaidinliu passed away on February 17, 1993, at the age of 78. Her contributions were commemorated by the Government of India, which issued a postal stamp and a commemorative coin in her honor. While her legacy remains a subject of debate, her role as a Naga leader who fought against British colonialism and worked for her people's upliftment remains an important part of Northeast India's history.

Source: https://www.facebook.com/indiaculture.goi

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