Rongmei Naga Mythologies Possible Migration Theory

The Rongmei (Kabui) Odyssey

1. Introduction

The Rongmei, also known as Kabui, stand as an indigenous Zeliangrong Naga tribe inhabiting the regions of Assam, Manipur, and Nagaland in Northeast India. This ethnically rich community finds its origin intertwined with the enigma of the term "Kabui," and even their name "Rongmei" is rooted in their geographical residence – "Rong" signifies "south" and "mei" translates to "people," collectively meaning "people of the south." Through generations, Rongmeis have preserved their history, culture, and religion, handed down as oral traditions including myths, folktales, legends, and hymns.

Image Source: E-pao

2. The Cosmogony - Universe's Genesis

"Cosmogony," derived from Greek roots "kosmos" (universe) and "genesis" (coming into being), delves into myths or theories elucidating the universe's creation. In the Rongmei tradition, a Supreme Being, Tingkao Raguang, orchestrated the formation of the cosmos, celestial bodies, and Earth. These elements were meticulously organized into layers, culminating in a world characterized by supernatural and natural powers.

3. Birth of Earth

Tingkao Raguang's directives prompted deities Didimpu and Agonpu to fashion Earth. The narrative varies, portraying Earth's emergence through means of divine excretions, tears, or solidification of elements. These tales capture the Rongmei's profound connection to the very land they inhabit, where creation and life intertwined through celestial intervention.

4. Genesis of Humanity

In the Rongmei's universe, man's origins are multifaceted. The Supreme God's commands led to various prototypes of humans – from fish to frogs – until beings resembling Tingkao Raguang's own image were finally molded. The process of breathing life into these creations reflects their unique perspective on existence and a divine connection between creator and created.

5. Evolution of Rongmei Society

Narratives of divine warnings and familial conflicts highlight the societal underpinnings of Rongmei migration. The shift from Makuilongdi saw the blossoming of chieftainships, social structures, and lineage traditions. The tale unveils complex dynamics where land fertility, overpopulation, and familial disputes triggered a migration ripple effect across the land.

6. Modern-day Dispersion

From Makuilongdi's heart, Rongmei migration courses through varied landscapes. The tribes scattered across Manipur, Nagaland, and Assam, preserving their traditions amidst diverse surroundings. This journey embodies the rich tapestry of Rongmei history, from the ancient cave of origin to contemporary dwellings, where myths and history blend seamlessly.

7. Insights and Reflections

The Rongmei Naga myths and legends form a mosaic reflecting their perception of creation, migration, and cultural evolution. This tapestry binds the past and present, demonstrating the delicate interplay between the supernatural and natural, the divine and human. The Rongmei's stories resonate as more than mere narratives; they are the mirror to their identity, faith, and journey.

Adapted from:

Creation and Origin Myths and Legends of the Rongmei (Kabui)

Artha – Journal of Sciences

2022, Vol. 21, No. 3, 1-15

ISSN 0975-329X | https://doi:10.12724/ajss.62.1

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The Rongmei community, a subgroup of the Naga tribe, resides across the states of Assam, Manipur, and Nagaland in India's northeastern region. They identify themselves as part of the larger Zeliangrong Naga community. The Indian government's actions have led to concerns about the preservation of their unique identities. While a significant portion of the Rongmei population is concentrated in Manipur, there is also a notable presence in Assam's Barak Valley. Their primary language is Rongmei, also known as Ruanglat. The term "Rongmei" is a combination of two words: "Nruang," meaning South, and "mei," meaning people, signifying "people of the south." The Ethnologue, an international language database, recognizes their language with the code "NBU" for the Rongmei dialect (https://www.ethnologue.com/language/nbu). The Rongmei tribe has a historical connection with Barak (Aguh) Valley, where they are considered one of the earlie...

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